Hakikat Tujuan Pendidikan Islam dalam Perspektif Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi: Suatu Kajian Kepustakaan

Abstract

This study aims to explore the essential goals of Islamic education through the philosophical perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. These three dimensions serve as the foundational pillars that shape the theoretical and practical orientation of Islamic education. Employing a library research method, this study examines and synthesizes relevant scholarly works, including classical and contemporary literature, to construct a comprehensive understanding of the philosophical underpinnings of Islamic educational objectives. The analysis reveals that, ontologically, Islamic education is grounded in the conception of human nature as a holistic being endowed with physical, intellectual, and spiritual potentials. Epistemologically, Islamic education integrates revealed knowledge, rational inquiry, and empirical experience as interconnected sources of truth. Axiologically, Islamic education emphasizes moral and ethical values as the core orientation of the educational process. The study concludes that these three philosophical foundations collectively guide Islamic education toward forming insan kāmil—individuals who are intellectually capable, spiritually grounded, and ethically responsible. This philosophical integration provides a coherent framework for designing and implementing Islamic education that remains relevant to contemporary challenges while maintaining its distinctive Islamic identity